A current transformer and a voltage transformer are two different types of transformers used for different purposes in electrical systems. Here's a closer look at each:

Current Transformer: A current transformer (CT) is designed to measure electrical currents in a circuit and step them down to lower levels for measurement or protection purposes. It consists of a primary winding and a secondary winding. The primary winding is connected in series with the circuit carrying the current to be measured, while the secondary winding is connected to the measuring or protection devices.

The primary current flowing through the current transformer induces a proportionate secondary current in the secondary winding. The secondary current is a scaled-down replica of the primary current, allowing for accurate measurement using standard instruments. Current transformers are commonly used in various applications such as energy metering, power system protection, and current monitoring.

Voltage Transformer: A voltage transformer (VT), also known as a potential transformer (PT), is designed to step down high voltages to lower, more manageable levels for measurement or protection purposes. It consists of a primary winding connected across the high voltage circuit and a secondary winding connected to the measuring or protection devices.

The primary voltage applied to the voltage transformer induces a proportionate secondary voltage in the secondary winding. The secondary voltage is a scaled-down representation of the primary voltage, making it suitable for measurement using standard instruments. Voltage transformers are commonly used for voltage measurement, relaying, metering, and protective functions in electrical systems.

Key Differences:

1. Purpose: The primary purpose of a current transformer is to measure electrical currents, while a voltage transformer is used to measure electrical voltages.
2. Input and Output: A current transformer has a primary current input and a secondary current output, while a voltage transformer has a primary voltage input and a secondary voltage output.
3. Stepping Down: Current transformers step down high currents to lower levels, whereas voltage transformers step down high voltages to lower levels.
4. Connection: Current transformers are connected in series with the circuit carrying the current to be measured, while voltage transformers are connected across the high voltage circuit.
5. Application: Current transformers are commonly used for current measurement, protection, and monitoring, while voltage transformers are used for voltage measurement, relaying, and metering functions.

It's important to note that both current transformers and voltage transformers play crucial roles in electrical systems, providing accurate measurements and facilitating protection and control functions. They are often used together in various applications to obtain comprehensive d